Kara C. Hoover
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How Dependent Are R1 Universities on Federal Funding?

Finding: Federal funding has fallen from 75% to 55% of total R1 R&D expenditure over fifty years with forecasts suggesting stabilization at or below current levels — though current cuts will likely accelerate that trend when 2025 data are available.

Recommendation: State and institutional leaders should use trend analysis, sensitivity analysis, geographic dependency mapping, and volatility rankings together to identify exposure and prioritize diversification and advocacy strategies before cuts accelerate.

Methods: Time series analysis, ARIMA forecasting, and animated geospatial mapping of HERD survey data across 1,400+ institutions, 1974–2024.

Rtime seriesARIMAgeospatialHERD ↗ GitHub
What Drives Long-Run Democratic Development?

Finding: Education is a stronger and more consistent driver of participatory democracy than wealth across two centuries and six world regions.

Recommendation: Development policymakers should prioritize investment in education as a primary democratic institution-building strategy independent of economic growth trajectories.

Methods: Cross-national time series analysis of education, wealth, and democracy indicators using V-Dem and World Bank data, 1800–2000.

Rtime seriesV-DemWorld Bankdemocracy ↗ GitHub
Does Healthcare Worker Density Affect Life Expectancy?

Finding: Healthcare worker density positively impacts life expectancy by up to a year, with oral health access representing a systematically neglected driver of mortality risk.

Recommendation: Health policymakers should treat oral health provider access as a mortality risk factor and incorporate dental workforce density into life expectancy models and health equity frameworks.

Methods: Linear regression and regional time series analysis of healthcare worker density and life expectancy across countries, with effect size estimation and identification of 43 primary intervention target countries.

Rregressiontime serieshealth equitymortality ↗ GitHub
Does Market Integration Improve or Harm Hunter-Gatherer Health? Peer Reviewed

Finding: Market integration improves traditional Hadza male childhood health with no effect on females, revealing a sex-based divergence in the health consequences of economic transition in a remote market economy.

Implication: This is the first study to apply bioarchaeological methods to a living population, providing a longitudinal biological measure of health change alongside conventional human biology approaches.

Methods: Linear mixed-effects modeling and Bayesian confirmation of developmental stress markers across 62 years of Hadza health data, with bibliometric network analysis of the research landscape.

RPythonBayesianmixed effectsbrmsbibliometrics ↗ GitHub
Does Facial Recognition Technology Perform Equally Across Human Biological Variation?

Finding: Modeled on documented NIST performance patterns, FaceNet shows significant performance disparities across race, gender, and age, with accuracy declining most sharply for darker-skinned females and older individuals.

Recommendation: FRT systems should be evaluated on the balance between security benefit and demographic burden — flagging who faces additional scrutiny not because they pose a risk but because the technology failed them.

Methods: Bias audit of FaceNet using synthetic data modeled on documented VGGFace2 training bias patterns across 126 demographic groups and 25,200 comparisons.

PythonFaceNetbiometricsbias auditingcivil liberties ↗ GitHub
Exploring NSF International Science Investments

App: Interactive Shiny app for exploring NSF OISE award data across four programs — PIRE, IRES, AccelNet, and Global Centers — filterable by year, program, and EPSCoR status.

Highlights: Geographic map, award scatter plot, and funding trend line chart surface program-level disparities in award size, geographic distribution, and EPSCoR representation across two decades of international science investment.

Methods: R Shiny app with reactive filtering, plotly scatter geo map, plotly bubble plot, ggplot2 line chart, and DT searchable table built on NSF Awards Database data.

RShinyplotlyscience policyfederal funding ↗ GitHub
A Reproducible Workflow for Fluctuating Asymmetry Analysis

Finding: The Palmer-Strobeck protocol for fluctuating asymmetry analysis can be fully implemented in modular, reproducible R scripts accessible to researchers without specialist programming expertise.

Implication: Open reproducible implementations of established protocols reduce methodological inconsistency across studies and lower the barrier to entry for developmental stress research.

Methods: Modular R implementation of the full Palmer-Strobeck nine-step FA screening protocol including measurement error detection, outlier screening, mixed-model ANOVA, and FA10 index computation.

Rfluctuating asymmetryreproducible researchopen source ↗ GitHub
Which Research Fields Face the Greatest Federal Funding Risk?

Finding: Federal dependency varies dramatically across disciplines and recent federal trends signal a shift away from basic science funding without industry investment filling the gap.

Recommendation: Institutions and funders should prioritize support for high-dependency fields with no nonfederal backstop, particularly physical sciences and geosciences.

Methods: Field-level analysis of 24 S&E disciplines using HERD survey data across five decades, with ARIMA forecasts through 2034.

Rtime seriesARIMAdata visualizationHERD ↗ GitHub
What Drives Women's Empowerment in Politics?

Finding: Women's representation in governance and educational gender parity are mutually reinforcing across world regions, with egalitarian democracy acting as both cause and consequence of gender equity gains.

Recommendation: Gender equity policymakers should invest simultaneously in educational parity and political representation rather than sequencing one before the other.

Methods: Cross-national regression and data visualization across six world regions using V-Dem and World Bank data.

Rregressiondata visualizationV-DemWorld Bank ↗ GitHub
Does Real-World Odor Identification Differ from Lab Performance? Peer Reviewed

Finding: Odor identification in real-world field conditions differs from laboratory performance, with environmental context shaping olfactory accuracy in ways that controlled studies cannot capture.

Implication: Olfactory research should expand to include field-based methods alongside laboratory protocols to produce ecologically valid findings about human sensory capacity.

Methods: GLMs, quasibinomial models, correspondence analysis, and multinomial logistic regression across forced-choice and free-choice odor identification tasks in field and lab settings.

RGLMmixed methodsolfactory ecologyfield methods ↗ GitHub
Did Hunter-Gatherers in Kyushu Stay Healthy During the Agricultural Transition? Peer Reviewed

Finding: Persistent hunter-gatherers in northwest Kyushu were consistent in population health metrics before and after agricultural expansion, suggesting there were cultural buffers against the health costs of the Yayoi transition.

Implication: This is the first application of resilience theory to bioarchaeological analysis, establishing a framework for evaluating population health stability under cultural and environmental pressure that has since been adopted more broadly in the field.

Methods: Enamel hypoplasia rate modeling and fluctuating asymmetry analysis using the full Palmer-Strobeck nine-step protocol on prehistoric skeletal remains.

Rbioarchaeologyenamel hypoplasiafluctuating asymmetry ↗ GitHub
Can Machine Learning Detect Morphed Face Images?

Finding: A fine-tuned ResNet50 binary classifier successfully distinguishes genuine from morphed face images, with Grad-CAM visualization identifying model attention patterns and failure modes.

Implication: Automated morph attack detection is viable at scale, with implications for border control, identity verification, and any system relying on facial recognition for high-stakes authentication.

Methods: ResNet50 fine-tuned on 500 LFW images and 250 alpha-blended morphs, evaluated on accuracy, precision, recall, and ROC/AUC, with results benchmarked against published morph detection studies.

PythonResNetdeep learningbiometricsGrad-CAM ↗ GitHub
Are We at a Global R&D Tipping Point Due to Aging Demographics?

Finding: Aging demographics will constrain R&D leadership pipelines across all six world regions by 2035, with variation in timing and severity that aggregate global trends obscure.

Recommendation: Research funders and policymakers should prioritize international partnerships and infrastructure investment in demographically young regions before aging economies exhaust their R&D leadership pipelines.

Methods: Time series and regression analysis of aging demographics and R&D productivity across six world regions using V-Dem and World Bank data, 1996–2019.

Rtime seriesforecastingV-DemWorld Bank ↗ GitHub
What Are the Root Causes of Public Attitudes Toward Surveillance? Peer Reviewed

Finding: A music festival case study reveals that attitudes toward surveillance and policing vary significantly by sex, experience, and sexual orientation, with trust in law enforcement mediating perceptions of safety.

Recommendation: Event organizers and public safety policymakers should adopt differentiated surveillance and policing approaches that account for demographic variation in trust and safety perceptions.

Methods: Logistic regression and Bayesian modeling of survey data from festival-goers on surveillance, policing, and safety perceptions.

RBayesianlogistic regressionbrmssurvey data analysis ↗ GitHub
Did Colonial Geography Shape Health Outcomes in Ryukyu? Peer Reviewed

Finding: Colonial health disparities in Ryukyu burial populations were spatially structured, with remote sites showing a distinct sex-differentiated health profile and differential biological consequences of political subjugation.

Implication: Colonial health in Japan has received little scholarly attention — this study is among the first to apply bioarchaeological methods to Japanese colonial contexts, revealing that geographic marginalization compounded the biological consequences of political subjugation.

Methods: GLM analysis with site, sex, and site×sex interaction predictors across five skeletal health markers from three colonial-era Ryukyu burial sites.

RGLMbioarchaeologyhealth disparity ↗ GitHub
Does Developmental Stress Differ by Sex and Life Stage in Wild Baboons? Peer Reviewed

Finding: Developmental stress in wild Nigerian olive baboons varies by sex and life history stage, with juvenile stress markers revealing biological sensitivity to early environmental conditions.

Implication: Non-human primate developmental stress patterns provide a comparative baseline for understanding how early life adversity shapes long-term biological outcomes in humans.

Methods: Fluctuating asymmetry analysis using FA10b index across ten replicate measurement sets, with Levene's tests for sex differences, life history stage stress, and weaning and reproductive stress signals.

Rfluctuating asymmetrydevelopmental stressprimatology ↗ GitHub
Can Serverless AI Pipelines Automate Document Validation?

Finding: A serverless pipeline using Claude 3 Haiku via AWS Bedrock successfully automates document validation and auditing with low latency and no persistent infrastructure.

Recommendation: Serverless LLM pipelines should be considered as a cost-effective and scalable approach to document validation tasks traditionally requiring manual review or complex rule-based systems.

Methods: Lambda-based pipeline invoking Claude 3 Haiku via Bedrock across three prompting strategies, evaluated on parse success, response time, and accuracy against known ground truth, with cost modeling across three architectures.

PythonAWS BedrockAWS LambdaserverlessPostgreSQL ↗ GitHub
How Do Nations Compare on Research Impact?

Finding: Research impact varies substantially across countries and fields in ways that raw publication counts obscure, with small high-income nations consistently punching above their weight.

Recommendation: Institutions and funders should adopt context-sensitive benchmarking frameworks that account for country size, field composition, and resource constraints rather than applying uniform impact standards.

Methods: Bibliometric framework for benchmarking research impact across countries and fields using Google BigQuery and network analysis.

PythonGoogle BigQuerybibliometricsnetwork analysisscientometrics ↗ GitHub
Is Terrorism Impacting Ape Conservation Efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa?

Finding: Terrorism attacks within ape habitat ranges in sub-Saharan Africa cluster in the poorest and least democratic regions, creating a compounding threat to human and non-human ape populations.

Recommendation: Conservation policymakers should integrate political stability and poverty reduction strategies into ape conservation frameworks rather than treating security and ecology as separate policy domains.

Methods: QGIS mapping of terrorism attacks overlaid on primate habitat data across sub-Saharan Africa.

QGISgeospatialconservationR ↗ GitHub
Did Ancient Humans Smell the World Differently? Peer Reviewed

Finding: Functional odorant receptor testing revealed that extinct hominins and ancient human populations had a more limited olfactory repertoire than contemporary humans.

Implication: Greater olfactory receptor diversity in contemporary humans may reflect functional ecological adaptation, suggesting that sensory capacity continued to evolve after the divergence of archaic and modern lineages.

Methods: Ancient DNA extraction and variant calling using VCFtools and HPC pipelines, phylogenetic reconstruction, chimeric PCR with site-directed mutagenesis, and luciferase reporter assays across seven odorants.

RHPCancient DNAphylogeneticsolfactionfunctional genomics ↗ GitHub
Does Subsistence Strategy Shape Skull Biomechanics? Peer Reviewed

Finding: Occipital bone morphology varies systematically across hunter-gatherer, horticultural, and agricultural skeletal collections, reflecting differences in biomechanical loading by subsistence type and sex.

Implication: By comprehensively synthesizing scattered studies through multivariate classification, this study determines that the use of occipital morphology for demographic classification falls far below forensic evidentiary standards while establishing value as a bioarchaeological tool for reconstructing subsistence history — an avenue not previously explored.

Methods: Two-way ANOVA, discriminant function analysis, and PCA of ectocranial variables across subsistence groups, with sex estimation models using foramen magnum morphology.

RANOVAdiscriminant functionPCAskeletal biology ↗ GitHub
Can Few-Shot Prompt Engineering Classify Biometric Sensor Data?

Finding: Few-shot prompt engineering via AWS Bedrock successfully classifies biometric sensor data, with performance varying substantially across Temperature, Top-K, and Top-P parameter combinations.

Implication: Parameter optimization is critical for LLM-based classification tasks — default settings produce substantially suboptimal results compared to tuned configurations.

Methods: Few-shot prompt engineering with systematic parameter sweep across Temperature, Top-K, and Top-P, with stochastic consistency testing and cross-model comparison via AWS Bedrock.

PythonAWS Bedrockprompt engineeringLLMbiometrics ↗ GitHub
What Are Best Practices for Evidence-Based DEI in International Science Organizations? Peer Reviewed

Finding: DEI barriers in international research organizations are structural rather than individual, requiring evidence-based policy frameworks rather than awareness initiatives.

Recommendation: International science organizations should move beyond awareness initiatives toward structural policy reform guided by mixed-methods evidence.

Methods: Survey analytics, Slack network analysis, and bibliometric review across peer international science organizations.

Pythonnetwork analysissurvey analyticsbibliometricsmixed methods ↗ GitHub
Is There Terrorism in China? Peer Reviewed

Finding: Political violence in China is geographically tied to the Uyghur ethnic minority, an indigenous people under active state suppression, suggesting that state-labeled terrorism may reflect political activism rather than conventional terrorism.

Recommendation: Researchers and policymakers should critically examine state-defined terrorism databases as potential evidence of political repression, particularly in authoritarian contexts where dissent and terrorism are conflated.

Methods: QGIS mapping of Global Terrorism Database data, China 2010–2018.

QGISgeospatialGTDindigenous rights ↗ GitHub
Which Weather Events Cause the Most Harm in the United States?

Finding: A small subset of storm and flood event types account for the majority of fatalities, injuries, and property damage across the US from 1996–2011.

Recommendation: Emergency management agencies should prioritize preparedness and mitigation resources toward the highest-impact event types identified by VSL-weighted impact analysis and spatial damage mapping.

Methods: VSL-weighted combined impact indexing, animated time series of top event types, and interactive choropleth mapping of state-level damage normalized by population using NOAA storm data.

RgeospatialNOAAextreme weatherpublic safety ↗ GitHub
Can Wearable Accelerometers Classify Exercise Form?

Finding: Random forest and gradient boosting models applied to wearable accelerometer data successfully classify bicep curl form into correct and common error categories with high accuracy.

Implication: Exercise form is as important as exercise volume for fitness outcomes — wearable sensor data can be tuned to measure technique quality without human supervision or specialized equipment.

Methods: Four models trained and evaluated using caret with 5-fold cross-validation, variable importance extraction, and optimal predictor subset identification across decision tree, bagged tree, GBM, and random forest approaches.

Rrandom forestgradient boostingaccelerometercaret ↗ GitHub

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